TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
A review in General and Comparative Endocrinology
2026
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY x UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
A review in General and Comparative Endocrinology
2026
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
A review in General and Comparative Endocrinology
2026
General and Comparative Endocrinology 2026, Volume 380, Article 114929
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114929
Imprint
This review examines how salmonid fish regulate thyroid hormone across the body, bringing together central signalling, peripheral conversion, transport, tissue-specific action, and clearance. It considers how these processes interact through growth, development, migration, and environmental change. Particular attention is given to juvenile salmonids, whose transition from parr to smolt offers a distinctive window into how thyroid status shifts across life stages.
In mammals, thyroid status is often described as a centrally controlled system: the hypothalamus and pituitary regulate the thyroid, which releases T4 into circulation. In salmonids, the picture is more distributed. The thyroid supplies T4, but tissues, transport systems, red blood cells, and environmental conditions help determine how much bioactive T3 reaches each target. Conversion, buffering, uptake, inactivation, and clearance continually reshape the signal as it moves through the body; linking thyroid status to growth, metabolism, development, stress, and migration.
General and Comparative Endocrinology 2026,
Volume 380, Article 114929
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114929
Imprint
This review examines how salmonid fish regulate thyroid hormone across the body, bringing together central signalling, peripheral conversion, transport, tissue-specific action, and clearance. It considers how these processes interact through growth, development, migration, and environmental change. Particular attention is given to juvenile salmonids, whose transition from parr to smolt offers a distinctive window into how thyroid status shifts across life stages.
In mammals, thyroid status is often described as a centrally controlled system: the hypothalamus and pituitary regulate the thyroid, which releases T4 into circulation. In salmonids, the picture is more distributed. The thyroid supplies T4, but tissues, transport systems, red blood cells, and environmental conditions help determine how much bioactive T3 reaches each target. Conversion, buffering, uptake, inactivation, and clearance continually reshape the signal as it moves through the body; linking thyroid status to growth, metabolism, development, stress, and migration.
General and Comparative Endocrinology 2026, Volume 380, Article 114929
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114929
Imprint
This review examines how salmonid fish regulate thyroid hormone across the body, bringing together central signalling, peripheral conversion, transport, tissue-specific action, and clearance. It considers how these processes interact through growth, development, migration, and environmental change. Particular attention is given to juvenile salmonids, whose transition from parr to smolt offers a distinctive window into how thyroid status shifts across life stages.
In mammals, thyroid status is often described as a centrally controlled system: the hypothalamus and pituitary regulate the thyroid, which releases T4 into circulation. In salmonids, the picture is more distributed. The thyroid supplies T4, but tissues, transport systems, red blood cells, and environmental conditions help determine how much bioactive T3 reaches each target. Conversion, buffering, uptake, inactivation, and clearance continually reshape the signal as it moves through the body; linking thyroid status to growth, metabolism, development, stress, and migration.